|
Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter (27 June 1430 – September 1475) was a Lancastrian leader during the English Wars of the Roses. He was the only son of John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter, and his first wife, Lady Anne Stafford. His maternal grandparents were Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford, and Anne of Gloucester. He inherited the dukedom of Exeter when his father died in 1447. A great-grandson of John of Gaunt, he might have had a plausible claim to the throne after the death of Henry VI. However, he was cruel, savagely temperamental and unpredictable, and so had little support. Exeter was for a time Constable of the Tower of London, and afterwards the rack there came to be called "the Duke of Exeter's daughter".〔However, Stubbs says it was named after the 2nd duke, who was also constable of the Tower, in his ''The Constitutional History of England in Its Origin and Development'', vol. 3, p. 302〕 In the Wars of the Roses, however, he remained an enemy of the House of York, despite the fact that his wife was a daughter of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York. He was a commander at the great Lancastrian victories at Wakefield and the Second Battle of St Albans. He was imprisoned at Wallingford Castle in 1455. He was also a commander at the Lancastrian defeat at the Battle of Towton. He fled to Scotland after the battle, and then joined Queen Margaret in her exile in France. He was attainted in 1461, and his estates were given to his wife, who separated from him in 1464. During the brief period of Henry VI's restoration he was able to regain many of his estates and posts. At the Battle of Barnet, Exeter commanded the Lancastrian left flank. He was badly wounded and left for dead, but survived. Afterwards he was imprisoned, and Anne divorced him in 1472. He "volunteered" to serve on Edward's 1475 expedition to France. On the return voyage he fell overboard and drowned. Some say he was in fact thrown overboard at the king's command. ==Family== Before 30 July 1447, he married Anne of York, the second child and eldest surviving daughter of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Lady Cecily Neville.〔Douglas Richardson. ''Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families,'' Genealogical Publishing, 2005. pg 299-301. (''Google eBook'' )〕 She was an older sister of Edward IV and Richard III. He had one legitimate child:〔 * Lady Anne Holland (c. 1455 – between 26 August 1467 and 6 June 1474), who married Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset. Since Henry had no legitimate male issue the disposition of his estates became a complex matter for his widow, the dowager Duchess of Exeter. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|